Volume 4 Issue 1
Research Article: Advanced Glycation End Products: Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and its Complications
Anfal M. Al-Dalaeen1*, Hayder A.AL-Domi2
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex, heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance and failure of pancreatic β-cell leading to chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia causes dysfunctions in multiple organs or tissues, which not only decrease life quality and expectancy, but are also becoming a problem regarding the financial burden for healthcare systems. Therefore, the continually increasing of diabetes worldwide, understanding the pathophysiology, the main risk factors, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may establish a basis for prevention and therapy. In this regard, research was performed revealing further evidence of formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are a complex and heterogeneous group of modified proteins and/or lipids with damaging potential, is one contributing factor. However, it has been reported that AGEs increase the level of reactive oxygen species formation and impair antioxidant systems, on the other hand the formation of some AGEs is induced per se under oxidative conditions. However, the role of AGEs in the pathogenesis of T2DM and diabetic complications if they are causal or simply an effect is only partly understood. This review will highlight the mechanisms involvement of AGEs in the development and progression of T2DM and the role of AGEs in the development of diabetic complications.
Keywords: Diabetes, Advance Glycation Products; Insulin Resistance; ?-Cell Dysfunction; Diabetic Complications; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress.
Cite this Article: Al-Dalaeen AM, AL-Domi HA. Advanced Glycation End Products: Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and its Complications. J Res Diabetes Metab. 2018;4(1): 016-020.
Published: 13 July 2018
Research Article: Association of Serum Protein Levels in the Diabetic Patients with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Nephropathy in Pakistani Population
Samreen Riaz1*, Manal Tariq2 and Sara Aslam3
Albuminuria has been recognized as a marker for prognosis of renal and cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. Role of microalbuminuria in cardiac disease and nephropathy has not been surveyed in Pakistani population and its foretelling importance in diabetic individuals is undetermined. In this study we examined the relation between microalbuminuria, HbA1c and serum albumin levels in association with diabetes in population of Pakistan based on equal number of male and female subjects with and without prevalent baseline diabetes. We found that increased levels of micro albuminuria are associated with cardiovascular disease, HbA1c with nephropathy and serum albumin with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and hypertension in the diabetic patient.
Keywords: Diabetes; Microalbuminuria; Serum Albumi; Pakistani Population; Lahore; Punjab University.
Cite this Article: Riaz S, Tariq M, Aslam S. Association of Serum Protein Levels in the Diabetic Patients with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Nephropathy in Pakistani Population. J Res Diabetes Metab. 2018;4(1): 010-015.
Published: 22 june 2018
Review Article: Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ipomoea batatas Leaf on Blood Glucose, Kidney Functions and Hematological Parameters of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Rafiu AA1* and Luka CD2
Diabetes mellitus as reported by is a complex disorder that affects metabolism in humans and other subjects, affecting several organs in the system. Management of diabetes is challenging and its treatments are often associated with side effects as scientist is increasingly demanding for natural products with antidiabetic activity and fewer side effects [1,2]. In this study, the effect of aqueous Ipomoea batatas leaf extract was carried out in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats (55 mg/ kg) body wt. for 28days. The continuous administration of extract from 400 mg/ kg body wt. for 28days significantly (P ? 0.05) reversed the effects on blood glucose which was initially increased. There was a significant decrease (P ? 0.05) in urea, creatinine, and uric which show kidney impairment following induction of the diabetogen. There was significant increase (P ? 0.05) in the PCV, Hb, RBC, Neutrophils, Basophils, and Monocytes. While Wbc, platelets, lymphocytes, and Eosinophils were significantly (P ? 0.05) decreased. The study therefore reveals that aqueous Ipomoea batatas leaf extract can be used in hyperglycemia management as well as in improvement in kidney and blood hematological functions.
Keywords: Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Pancreas; High blood sugar; Diabetogen
Cite this Article: Rafiu AA, Luka CD. Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ipomoea batatas Leaf on Blood Glucose, Kidney Functions And Hematological Parameters Of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Res Diabetes Metab. 2018;4(1): 004-009.
Published: 28 April 2018
Alok Raghav1 and Prerna Singh2*
Diabetes is major healthcare concern worldwide with horrific repercussions. The disease can easily be prevented with just some awareness and efforts of people. Many suffer from this horrendous condition because of lack of knowledge about the disease. To end this, creating awareness of the disease and its effects on millions of people in the world is critically important. In this article, we will outline the importance of these efforts, discuss the barriers in way of awareness and education, and highlight some important models in this arena. As an integral part of a diabetes prevention and control program strong awareness-raising and health promotion strategies are needed.
Cite this Article: Raghav A, Singh P. Role of One To One Education in Management of Glycemic Control. J Res Diabetes Metab. 2018;4(1): 001-003.
Published: 16 April 2018
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